What is a Dipole Antenna?
A Dipole antenna is the simplest antenna that consists of a conductive wire that measures half-wavelenght of the frequency at which it radiates. This wire rod is split in the middle, and the two sections are separated by an insulator. It is typically fed in the center and in this way, the antenna consists of the feeder connected to two quarter wavelength elements in line with each other.
Dipole antennas are oriented vertically, horizontally or in slants. Polarization of electromagnetic fields radiated by dipole antennas correspond to element orientation. Radio frequency (RF) current in dipoles is maximum at the centers of the dipole and is minimum at ends of the element, and vice versa for RF voltages. Often the term dipole antenna tends to indicate a half wave dipole. In which each of the two rod elements is approximately 1/4 wavelength long, so the whole antenna is a half-wavelength long. The Half Wave Dipole is a Reference Antenna.
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