An Introduction to VNA Calibration Theory

Calibration is the process of configuring a measurement device such that it provides measurement results within a known and acceptable range. All measurements are susceptible to errors. If these errors can be understood and characterized, they can be mostly removed, resulting in a more accurate answer. It is impossible to remove all errors, as there will always be a certain amount of uncertainty in any measurement. The science of metrology helps us understand and statistically quantify this error and state a result in a concise and comprehensive manner.

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