Technical Articles on Test & Measurement

Technical Articles on Test & Measurement are listed on everything RF. This section consists of technical articles written by the everything RF editorial team and by leading companies whose expertise lies around Test & Measurement. Visit everything RF to read technical articles on various topics.

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What is RBW and VBW in a Spectrum Analyzer?

Test & Measurement

Rich Markley

Feb 21, 2019

In a spectrum analyzer that uses the heterodyne principle, the instrument sweeps a bandpass filter, called the IF filter, across the spectrum of interest and continually measures and displays the powe...read more

What is Noise Floor?

Test & Measurement

Editorial Team

May 5, 2019

The Noise Floor is the signal created from adding up all the unwanted signals within a measurement system. The noise floor consists of noise from a number of sources which includes thermal noise, atmo...read more

What is a Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR)?

Test & Measurement

Editorial Team

Mar 8, 2019

A Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) is a device used to detect the location of faults in transmission lines and coaxial cables. The TDR sends a low voltage pulsed signal through the transmission line an...read more

What is Resolution Bandwidth?

Spectrum Analyzers Test & Measurement

Dr. Michael Simon, Application Support for Spectrum Analysis

Rohde & Schwarz

The Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) plays and important role in resolving signals that are close together in the frequency domain.The RBW defines the bandwidth of the IF filter in a heterodyne receiver, an...read more

What is OTA Testing?

Test & Measurement

Editorial Team

Feb 21, 2019

Over-the-Air (OTA) Testing is a method used to predict the performance and reliability of a wireless device in the real world. The device under test is placed in a free space environment inside a test...read more

What is DANL?

RF Basics Test & Measurement

Dr. Michael Simon, Application Support for Spectrum Analysis

Rohde & Schwarz

DANL or displayed average noise level is a measure used to define the sensitivity of a spectrum analyzer. The DANL specifies all the internal noise of the spectrum analyzer referenced to 1 Hz and repr...read more

What is Video Bandwidth?

Test & Measurement

Dr. Michael Simon, Application Support for Spectrum Analysis

Rohde & Schwarz

The Video Bandwidth (VBW) filters noise and is used as a time domain low-pass filtering for averaging. The main purpose of the video bandwidth is to smooth the video trace and reduce noise. The width ...read more

5G Focuses on OTA

5G Test & Measurement

Dr. Benoît Derat, Dr. Corbett Rowell, Dr. Adam Tankielun, Sebastian Schmitz

Rohde & Schwarz

In 5G, highly integrated massive MIMO antenna systems that support beamforming are superseding classic sector antennas. These systems must be characterized over the air – a challenge for T&M...read more

What are some applications of 1-Port VNA's?

Test & Measurement

Andreas Henkel, Product Management for Network Analysis

Rohde & Schwarz

1-port vector network analyzers are created as cost-effective and compact solutions that can easily be connected to the device under test. 1-port VNAs are ideal for RF and microwave applications in en...read more

What is a Scalar Network Analyzer?

Test & Measurement

Editorial Team

Aug 6, 2018

A Scalar Network Analyzer is a type of RF network analyzer that is used to measure only the amplitude properties of a DUT (Device Under Test). Unlike a Vector network Analyzer, it does not measure bot...read more

What is De-Embedding?

Test & Measurement

Andreas Henkel, Product Management for Network Analysis

Rohde & Schwarz

De-embedding is a post-measurement process to minimize errors and reveal information about the device under test. When there is a composite measurement of a device under test or fixture combination, y...read more

What is an Anechoic Chamber?

Antennas Test & Measurement

Editorial Team

Jan 10, 2021

An RF Anechoic Chamber (an-echoic meaning "non-reflective, non-echoing, echo-free") is a shielded room that is designed to provide an environment with no unwanted electromagnetic waves. It i...read more

What is Multi-Paction?

SATCOM Test & Measurement

Editorial Team

May 7, 2017

RF Devices in Satellite communication systems, including filters and multiplexers are subject to high RF power levels. These high power levels can lead to a unique nonlinear breakdown voltage phenomen...read more

What is a Compact Range System?

Antennas Test & Measurement

Editorial Team

Aug 28, 2021

A Compact Range System or Compact Antenna Test Range (CATR) makes direct far-field measurements of electrically large antennas in a shielded anechoic chamber. It uses a large parabolic reflector to pr...read more

What is a Test Socket?

Test & Measurement

Editorial Team

Dec 11, 2018

RF Test Sockets are used to test high frequency IC's without soldering them on to a PCB. The IC is placed in a test socket which is soldered on to a PCB board which is placed within a test setup. ...read more

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